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More than half the wells tested in the Piedmont area of North Carolina tested exceeded the standards for hexavalent chromium.  Private wells are not regulated so a disturbing question is how many people are drinking this contaminated water.  Treatment is not pursued.  Very concerning

Bottled water is the bane of every utility industry.  But more interesting is that Impossible Foods suggested that their vegetable burger requires 75% less water, 95% less land, and 87% less greenhouse gas emissions.

Energy demands plummeted as covid19 started.  In the US and Europe, the decrease was over 10%.  Couple that with greatly reduced fuel costs, and I think the energy companies will be fine.  Oil and coal demands will drop 9% and 8% respectively.  Global carbon emissions and other pollutants will likewise decrease.  So maybe covid-19 was Mother Nature’s wake-up call that we are screwing things up on Earth?

There is a recent study from the University of Illinois that dry distiller grains (a byproduct of ethanol production that is used in feedstock) is really high in Phosphorous.  The animal eat the feedstock and poop out the phosphorous, which can contaminate nearby surface waters.  But these researchers figures out a way to recover over half of the phosphorous from the dry distiller grains.  That byproduct can be reapplied as fertilizer reducing the need for phosphate mining and water pollution.  Sounds like a neat idea.

And given that another study indicated that soil adjacent to streams are impacted by returning salmon, I can see a whole new effort to maximize these two ideas.  Add to that the fact that the EMOH device (for oxygen addition) really works and stream quality could be improved.  Yu can find our papers on EMOH, but pond treatment, manure ponds, silviculture, wastewater are all good uses of the technology.


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My last blog was about Black Swans and defined by Nassim Taleb.  Covid 19 is probably one, and the world will change on the other side.  Our health officials suggested a pandemic was possible, although we had no idea what it would look like. We were unprepared.

I will suggest certain climate issues may be similar – perhaps wildfires?  We all know that paradise was lost  in 2019.  Literally the Town of Paradise, CA burned to the ground.  The fire killed 85 people, destroyed over 18,0000 structures.  Think about the magnitude of this.  With 18,0000 structures, the town of paradise was likely one of the 1,000 largest communities in the country or higher.  It just didn’t make sense.

But is happened – we all watched the horror of Paradise lost, and the question is how to prevent it.  Sure power lines is an issue, but so is building in areas of high fire risk and limited access.  Private property rights trump safety with respect to buildings.  Unfortunately, they seem to trump public health and welfare concerns but that is another story.

A water utility aftermath, aside from the loss of customers, is the fact that fires create a considerable amount of ash, some of which may be toxic or hazardous materials.  Smoke and water do not mix, and the later.


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Nassim Taleb wrote a book ”The Black Swan:  The Impact of the Highly Improbable” in 2007.  I read it a few years later and the basic premise was that unlikely events can lead to major changes that can only be seen afterward.  So, let’s speculate about the changes from the highly unlikely (although predicted) covid 19 pandemic that continues to run throughout the world, including the US.

First let’s start with universities.  Webex live capture is what our college did.  That means the students have an assigned class time and a webex meeting invitation to join.  The lectures are provided live at that time, and recorded for later posting.  The reality is that the connection with students is the important part of the equation.  Face-to-face is preferred, but even once that returns, expect higher education to include webex (or similar) to be an ongoing presence in the higher education field.

Second, we figured out that most meetings can be done from home.  Respect for the time of others is still evolving, but the truth is that once people figure out working from home (you need a place – not the bedroom or your dining room) you can be efficient.  If there are few distraction and appointments are set up on a schedule, efficiency is remarkable.  It begs the question -are those downtown office spaces really needed.? You can rent space from many fedex offices and some banks and incubator sites. I expect these will be more common and already we are hearing about devaluation of commercial office space.

Home offices will become more robust.  In truth, diverting funds form that central office to home offices is less costly in the long run.  So, expect to see far more telecommuting, which should decrease the demands on highways   and downtown parking spaces.  Expect downtown parking costs to fall.  Expect downtown property values to fall.  Expect vacancies in downtown offices to increase.

Next, mass transit will get a new look.  If people can work from home, then demands for mass transit will diminish.  People may want to move to cities to permit access to services, but they will not have the hustle and bustle of rush hour to deal with.  Expect roadway traffic to decrease, and money shifted from road-building to road maintenance.  Maybe we can actually catch up a bit on the backlog.

Expect the demand for faster internet to increase and expect companies who telecommute to be willing to participate in new fiber optic phone line to residences.

Expect more “robots.”  That means expect more self checkout at grocery stores and Home Depot, even restaurants.  They are already there but I expect more.  Unfortunately, this comes at the loss of jobs for the existing checkout people.  And I will bag my groceries. Sounds great, but note that it irritates me no end that Bank of America eliminated its drive-ups (would that not be really useful right now BOA???!?!?!?!?!).  I don’t really trust their checkout machines and this move cut jobs (but made more money for their stockholders).

Expect malls to close.  Why go to a big store and risk your health when anything you could ever want in available from amazon.com (or someone else on the internet).  The internet permits options that were not available 10 years ago.  Small business commerce on the internet is way cheaper to set up than a store.  No rent, utilities, etc.  Inventory can be low.

Other jobs may lead people to work remotely from more rural areas or have more options in their lives because of the internet.  I am looking at the option to webex from Colorado next summer if we can get covid19 behind us.  My wife wants to travel and she deserves too.  We both want to.  Who knows where we could end up if it is safe to do so.  Iceland, England, Glacier Nat. Park, Olympia Nat. Park, Banff?   But classes won’t have to stop.

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Other things will change dramatically in ways we cannot predict – thinking Disney and sporting events.  There was a discussion years ago that the cost to go to sporting events was becoming too expensive for the average person and that sporting events would eventually be done without crowds.  The Back Swan is making that a reality.  At the same time, class distinction falls – Covid19 has leveled the playing field – we all now have equal access when we cannot go to the game.

Black swans turn the world upside down, but coming out of them creates a very different world.  True black swans cannot be predicted – unfortunately our health officials had planned for such an event, but their warnings went unheeded.  Proper planning aside, black swans are difficult to address ahead of time.

The other side of covid`19 will be interesting.  May all my friends survive to the other side!  There is a whole new world awaiting.